Thompson set the world record for goals scored in an international match on April 11, 2001, when Australia played American Samoa in Coffs Harbour in a qualifier for the 2002 World Cup. Australia won 31-0 (the score was originally reported as 32-0 as the scorekeepers lost count). Thompson, who was not Australia's first choice striker, scored 13 of the Australian goals. Thompson was not picked for the Socceroos next match against Fiji by coach Frank Farina.
Thompson's feat was helped by playing in a team of well-drilled professionals, even though they were not Australia's first choice team, and playing against one of the world's weakest national football teams. The mismatch was such that the qualifying system was changed for the 2006 qualification campaign so that Australia (and other relative powers) did not face such weak teams.
The 13 goals broke the record of 10 shared by Denmark's Sophus "Krølben" Nielsen in a 17-1 win against France at the 1908 Olympics and Germany's Gottfried Fuchs in a 16-0 win against Russia in the 1912 Olympics. This equalled the record for the most goals scored in a recognised senior tournament, set in 1885 when John Petrie scored 13 goals in a Scottish Cup tie.